LESSON 170 / 215·2 min readIntermediate

LLMs

ReferenceReference guide
01 Understand02 Recall03 Prepare

Words made simple

A few useful meanings before you read the explanation.

LLM
A model trained to work with language. It can write or summarize text, but its answer still needs checking against reliable information.
Temperature
A setting that changes how much variety a model allows when choosing its next piece of text. Lower settings do not guarantee a correct answer.
Schema
A description of the fields and value types that data should contain. It helps check that an answer has the expected shape.
More words from this lesson
Authorization
Checking what that identity is allowed to read or do. Being logged in does not grant access to every record.
Evaluation
Checking results against examples and clear criteria to find whether the system works well and where it fails.
Latency
How long a request takes to return a result. Lower latency usually means a shorter wait for the user.
  • Practice saying the answer clearly, then explain the insurance example and the trade-off.
  • A strong answer identifies the authoritative data, safe failure, and measurement—not only the framework name.

Beginner — What is an LLM good for?

  • An LLM processes language using learned patterns and supplied context.
  • I use it to summarize, extract, classify, explain, and propose tool actions.
  • Current claim status and business permissions come from services, not the model's memory.

Intermediate — Does temperature zero guarantee the same correct result?

  • No.
  • It generally reduces sampling variation where supported, but it does not verify evidence or eliminate all runtime variation.
  • I use schemas, authoritative data, bounded outputs, and evaluations to establish application reliability.

Senior — How do you choose a model?

  • I compare candidate models on representative tasks, including failure and adversarial cases.
  • I measure correctness, supported tool/schema capabilities, latency, cost per successful task, and deployment/data restrictions, then version the selected configuration and keep a rollback path.

Scenario — The model invents a claim status. What do you change?

  • I remove any path that asks it to know account facts.
  • An authorized tool returns canonical status; a template or model explains that result.
  • I test missing claims, denied access, backend failure, and unsupported extra statements.
PAUSE & RECALL

Can you explain it without the notes?

LLMs

Use your own words. Explain an example and one limitation before checking the explanation.

Check your explanation

Practice saying the answer clearly, then explain the insurance example and the trade-off. A strong answer identifies the authoritative data, safe failure, and measurement—not only the framework name.

CONNECT IT TO YOUR INTERVIEW

Turn this concept into a clear answer.

Practice this concept
YOUR NEXT STEP

Keep connecting the ideas.

Next lesson: Prompt engineering

Adapted from 13_AI.MD · “29.1 LLMs”. Examples are study fragments; framework behavior can depend on your version.